Homer is the legendary ancient Greek poet credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey, epic poems foundational to Greek literature and education. The Iliad focuses on the quarrel between Agamemnon and Achilles in the last year of the Trojan War, while the Odyssey follows Odysseus’s ten-year struggle to return home after Troy’s fall. Composed in a special epic form of Greek and likely shaped by oral performance, the poems mix tragedy, heroism, humor, and divine intervention. They inspired intense ancient and modern scholarship, fueled debates over Homer’s identity and methods, and profoundly influenced Western literature, philosophy, and art.