Detailed close-up map of South America highlighting Brazil with a yellow flag pin.

Brazil Received Nearly 40%

Nearly 40% of all African slaves trafficked to the Americas were taken to Brazil. An estimated 4.9 million enslaved Africans arrived there between 1501 and 1866.

Slavery in South America

African slaves washing for diamonds at Mandanga on the River Jigitonhonha in Cerro de Frio, Brazil. From John Mawe's (1764-1829) Travels in the Interior of Brazil, 1812. Copperplate engraving by Dall'Acqua, handcoloured by Laxaretti from Giovanni Battista Sonzogno's Raccolta de Viaggi Piu Interessanti, Milan, 1815.

Slavery Replaced Collapsing Labor Systems

European colonists first relied heavily on Indigenous labor in plantations and mines. As native populations were devastated by disease and forced labor, enslaved Africans were brought in on a massive scale.

Slavery in South America