Detailed close-up map of South America highlighting Brazil with a yellow flag pin.

One Imaginary Line Split a Continent

Spain and Portugal agreed to divide newly discovered lands with the Treaty of Tordesillas. Everything west of the line would belong to Spain, and everything east would go to Portugal.

South America and European Colonization

Close-up of flags and Brazil on a colorful world map, highlighting geography.

But the Line Would Not Hold

Accurate longitude measurements were impossible at the time. That made the border hard to enforce, and Portugal expanded Brazil across the meridian. A meridian is an imaginary north-south line used on maps.

South America and European Colonization