A B-29 falls in flames after a direct hit by an anti-aircraft shell over Japan

Japan could barely fight back

By 1945, Japan's cities were dangerously exposed to American air attack in World War II. The bombers kept coming, and Japan's defenses were too weak to stop them in any meaningful way.

WWII Japan Air Raids: Why Japan Could Not Stop Them

A B-29 over Osaka on 1 June 1945

The bombers flew where defenders struggled

Many Japanese fighters and anti-aircraft guns could not effectively reach the 30,000-foot altitudes used in daytime B-29 raids, and night attacks were even harder to counter. Fuel shortages, weak pilot training, and poor coordination made things worse.

WWII Japan Air Raids: Why Japan Could Not Stop Them