Section of the Via delle Gallie (Valle d'Aosta) in Italy, built by excavating the steep rock slope at left

When cliffs said no, Rome carved a road

By the Iron Gates, engineers cut a road into rock and hung the rest on wood above the Danube—a towpath towpath etched into the cliff.

Roman roads: Engineering through the impossible

Tranquil scene of a cypress swamp with moss-covered trees reflecting in the water.

Across the swamp

They drove pilings and dumped stone to lift causeways more than 5 feet above marshes. In provinces, they laid log roads—pontes longi.

Roman roads: Engineering through the impossible