Dutch police officers patrolling a busy urban area during daytime, ensuring public safety.

Some thinkers saw the state as protection

Social contract theories say people accept a state because life without one risks chaos or insecurity. In this view, the state exists to protect rights, order, and cooperation.

Why States Exist

IWW poster "Pyramid of Capitalist System" (c. 1911), depicting an anti-capitalist perspective on statist/capitalist social structures

Others saw something darker

Charles Tilly argued that states can resemble organized crime. He said they extract resources, make war, and sell protection from dangers they also help create.

Why States Exist